快速成型屬于離散/堆積成型。它從成型原理上提出一個(gè)全新的思維模式，即將計(jì)算機(jī)上制作的零件三維模型，進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格化處理并存儲(chǔ)，對(duì)其進(jìn)行分層處理，得到各層截面的二維輪廓信息，按照這些輪廓信息自動(dòng)生成加工路徑，由成型頭在控制系統(tǒng)的控制下，選擇性地固化或切割一層層的成型材料，形成各個(gè)截面輪廓薄片，并逐步順序疊加成三維坯件，然后進(jìn)行坯件的后處理，形成零件。

Rapid prototyping belongs to discrete/stacked prototyping. It puts forward a new thinking mode from the molding principle, that is, the three-dimensional model of the part made on the computer is gridded and stored, and layered to obtain the two-dimensional profile information of each layer of section. According to the profile information, the processing path is automatically generated. Under the control of the control system, the molding head selectively solidifies or cuts layers of molding materials to form each profile slice, And gradually superimpose into three-dimensional blanks, and then conduct post-processing of blanks to form parts.

山東快速成型工藝過(guò)程：

Shandong rapid prototyping process:

(1)產(chǎn)品三維模型的構(gòu)建。由于RP系統(tǒng)是由三維CAD模型直接驅(qū)動(dòng)，因此要構(gòu)建所加工工件的三維CAD模型。該三維CAD模型可以利用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)軟件（如Pro/E，I-DEAS，SolidWorks，NX等）直接構(gòu)建，也可以將已有產(chǎn)品的二維圖樣進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換而形成三維模型，或?qū)Ξa(chǎn)品實(shí)體進(jìn)行激光掃描、CT斷層掃描，得到點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)，然后利用反求工程的方法來(lái)構(gòu)造三維模型。

(1) Construction of 3D model of products. Since RP system is directly driven by 3D CAD model, the 3D CAD model of the workpiece to be machined must be constructed first. The 3D CAD model can be directly built by using computer aided design software (such as Pro/E, I-DEAS, SolidWorks, NX, etc.), or the 2D drawings of existing products can be converted to form a 3D model, or the product entity can be scanned by laser and CT to obtain point cloud data, and then the 3D model can be constructed by using reverse engineering methods.

(2)三維模型的近似處理。由于產(chǎn)品往往有一些不規(guī)則的自由曲面，加工前要對(duì)模型進(jìn)行近似處理，以方便后續(xù)的數(shù)據(jù)處理工作。由于STL格式文件格式簡(jiǎn)單、實(shí)用，目前已經(jīng)成為快速成型領(lǐng)域的準(zhǔn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口文件。

(2) Approximate processing of 3D models. Because the product often has some irregular free surfaces, the model should be approximated before processing to facilitate the subsequent data processing. Because STL format file format is simple and practical, it has become a quasi standard interface file in rapid prototyping field.

(3)三維模型的切片處理。根據(jù)被加工模型的特征選擇合適的加工方向，在成型高度方向上用一系列一定間隔的平面切割近似后的模型，以便提取截面的輪廓信息。間隔一般取0.05mm～0.5mm，常用0.1mm。間隔越小，成型精度越高，但成型時(shí)間也越長(zhǎng)，效率就越低，反之則精度低，但效率高。

(3) Slicing of 3D models. Select the appropriate processing direction according to the features of the model to be processed, and cut the approximate model with a series of planes at a certain interval in the molding height direction, so as to extract the profile information of the section. The interval is generally 0.05mm ～ 0.5mm, usually 0.1mm. The smaller the spacing is, the higher the molding precision is. However, the longer the molding time is, the lower the efficiency is. On the contrary, the precision is low, but the efficiency is high.

(4)成型加工。根據(jù)切片處理的截面輪廓，在計(jì)算機(jī)控制下，相應(yīng)的成型頭（激光頭或噴頭）按各截面輪廓

(4) Forming processing. According to the section profile processed by slicing, under the control of computer, the corresponding forming head (laser head or nozzle) shall follow each section profile

(5)成型零件的后處理。從成型系統(tǒng)里取出成型件，進(jìn)行打磨、拋光，或放在高溫爐中進(jìn)行后燒結(jié)，進(jìn)一步提高其強(qiáng)度。

(5) Post treatment of formed parts. The molded parts are taken out of the molding system, polished, or sintered in a high temperature furnace to further improve their strength.

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